GFS-3000

Images of fluorescence parameters and PAR absorptivity reveal heterogeneities in the leaf function that cannot be detected by gas exchange measurements.In return, most physiological heterogeneities, or differences in genotypes, only become clearly visible in fluorescence images under changing CO₂, O₂ or temperature conditions, or under extreme conditions, all of which can be easily applied with a gas exchange system.

The IMAGING-PAM M-Series MINI version can be equipped with the Adapter IMAG-MIN/GFS, so that it connects to the Standard Measuring Head 3010-S with a simple but firm snap-on mount. This connection even enables imaging of objects located in various specialized cuvettes.
On the larger scale, imaging can be carried out using an IMAGING-PAM M-Series MAXI version in combination with the large-spaced Gas-Exchange Chamber 3010-GWK1. This facilitates climate controlled imaging over an area of 10 x 13 cm2 supplemented by gas exchange analysis. The software of both systems (GFS-Win and ImagingWin) operate in synchrony on one laptop exchanging data between each other. This allows automatic imaging during light curves or CO2-curves controlled by GFS-Win.

The most sophisticated combination of Walz instruments is the GFS-3000, together with the P700 & Chlorophyll Fluorescence Measuring System DUAL-PAM-100, using the specially designed DUAL-PAM Gas-Exchange Cuvette 3010-DUAL. This novel setup is the first commercially available system allowing simultaneous analysis of PS I and PS II photochemistry simultaneously with CO2 gas exchange. The cuvette 3010-DUAL enables control of temperature and gas composition. Hence, the wide range of information provided by the DUAL-PAM-100 can be obtained under climate-controlled conditions concurrent with gas exchange data.

The small area of the cuvette 3010-DUAL (1.3 cm²), makes it very suitable for experiments on single Arabidopsis leaves. Also the P515/535 Emitter and Detector, which enable the DUAL-PAM-100 to measure the electro-chromic carotenoid shift and “light scattering”, are compatible with the cuvette 3010-DUAL. With the development of the DUAL-KLAS-NIR, the gas exchange cuvette 3010-DUAL was further adapted, so that the DUAL-KLAS-NIR can also be used together with the GFS-3000.
 

The Gas-Exchange Chamber 3010-GWK1 can be operated with the GFS-3000, replacing the Standard Measuring Head 3010-S. The top of the chamber can be designed according to customer request. The gas-exchange chamber provides a big range in temperature control: More than 10 K below ambient temperature and up to 50°C.

The area of the Gas-Exchange Chamber 3010-GWK1 is designed to match the imaging area of the IMAGING-PAM M-Series Maxi version. Please consider using 3010-GWK1 in combination with the GFS-3000, that the maximum flow of the GFS-3000 is 1.9 l/min. Leaf samples producing too much humidity can limit the systems capabilities.

The LED-Panel RGBW-L084 complements the Gas-Exchange Chamber 3010-GWK1. Individually adjustable colors red, green, blue and white with high power LEDs illuminate together with a maximum output of 2000 μmol m_-2 s_-1 PAR or better.